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Snapshot Management API
Use the snapshot management (SM) API to automate taking snapshots.
Table of contents
Create or update a policy
Introduced 2.1
Creates or updates an SM policy.
Request
Create:
POST _plugins/_sm/policies/<policy_name>
Update:
PUT _plugins/_sm/policies/<policy_name>?if_seq_no=0&if_primary_term=1
You must provide the seq_no and primary_term parameters for an update request.
Example
POST _plugins/_sm/policies/daily-policy
{
"description": "Daily snapshot policy",
"creation": {
"schedule": {
"cron": {
"expression": "0 8 * * *",
"timezone": "UTC"
}
},
"time_limit": "1h"
},
"deletion": {
"schedule": {
"cron": {
"expression": "0 1 * * *",
"timezone": "America/Los_Angeles"
}
},
"condition": {
"max_age": "7d",
"max_count": 21,
"min_count": 7
},
"time_limit": "1h"
},
"snapshot_config": {
"date_format": "yyyy-MM-dd-HH:mm",
"timezone": "America/Los_Angeles",
"indices": "*",
"repository": "s3-repo",
"ignore_unavailable": "true",
"include_global_state": "false",
"partial": "true",
"metadata": {
"any_key": "any_value"
}
},
"notification": {
"channel": {
"id": "NC3OpoEBzEoHMX183R3f"
},
"conditions": {
"creation": true,
"deletion": false,
"failure": false,
"time_limit_exceeded": false
}
}
}
Response
{
"_id" : "daily-policy-sm-policy",
"_version" : 5,
"_seq_no" : 54983,
"_primary_term" : 21,
"sm_policy" : {
"name" : "daily-policy",
"description" : "Daily snapshot policy",
"schema_version" : 15,
"creation" : {
"schedule" : {
"cron" : {
"expression" : "0 8 * * *",
"timezone" : "UTC"
}
},
"time_limit" : "1h"
},
"deletion" : {
"schedule" : {
"cron" : {
"expression" : "0 1 * * *",
"timezone" : "America/Los_Angeles"
}
},
"condition" : {
"max_age" : "7d",
"min_count" : 7,
"max_count" : 21
},
"time_limit" : "1h"
},
"snapshot_config" : {
"indices" : "*",
"metadata" : {
"any_key" : "any_value"
},
"ignore_unavailable" : "true",
"timezone" : "America/Los_Angeles",
"include_global_state" : "false",
"date_format" : "yyyy-MM-dd-HH:mm",
"repository" : "s3-repo",
"partial" : "true"
},
"schedule" : {
"interval" : {
"start_time" : 1656425122909,
"period" : 1,
"unit" : "Minutes"
}
},
"enabled" : true,
"last_updated_time" : 1656425122909,
"enabled_time" : 1656425122909,
"notification" : {
"channel" : {
"id" : "NC3OpoEBzEoHMX183R3f"
},
"conditions" : {
"creation" : true,
"deletion" : false,
"failure" : false,
"time_limit_exceeded" : false
}
}
}
}
Parameters
You can specify the following parameters to create/update an SM policy.
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
description | String | The description of the SM policy. Optional. |
enabled | Boolean | Should this SM policy be enabled at creation? Optional. |
snapshot_config | Object | The configuration options for snapshot creation. Required. |
snapshot_config.date_format | String | Snapshot names have the format <policy_name>-<date>-<random number>. date_format specifies the format for the date in the snapshot name. Supports all date formats supported by OpenSearch. Optional. Default is “yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ss”. |
snapshot_config.date_format_timezone | String | Snapshot names have the format <policy_name>-<date>-<random number>. date_format_timezone specifies the time zone for the date in the snapshot name. Optional. Default is UTC. |
snapshot_config.indices | String | The names of the indexes in the snapshot. Multiple index names are separated by ,. Supports wildcards (*). Optional. Default is * (all indexes). |
snapshot_config.repository | String | The repository in which to store snapshots. Required. |
snapshot_config.ignore_unavailable | Boolean | Do you want to ignore unavailable indexes? Optional. Default is false. |
snapshot_config.include_global_state | Boolean | Do you want to include cluster state? Optional. Default is true because of Security plugin considerations. |
snapshot_config.partial | Boolean | Do you want to allow partial snapshots? Optional. Default is false. |
snapshot_config.metadata | Object | Metadata in the form of key/value pairs. Optional. |
creation | Object | Configuration for snapshot creation. Required. |
creation.schedule | String | The cron schedule used to create snapshots. Required. |
creation.time_limit | String | Sets the maximum time to wait for snapshot creation to finish. If time_limit is longer than the scheduled time interval for taking snapshots, no scheduled snapshots are taken until time_limit elapses. For example, if time_limit is set to 35 minutes and snapshots are taken every 30 minutes starting at midnight, the snapshots at 00:00 and 01:00 are taken, but the snapshot at 00:30 is skipped. Optional. |
deletion | Object | Configuration for snapshot deletion. Optional. Default is to retain all snapshots. |
deletion.schedule | String | The cron schedule used to delete snapshots. Optional. Default is to use creation.schedule, which is required. |
deletion.time_limit | String | Sets the maximum time to wait for snapshot deletion to finish. Optional. |
deletion.delete_condition | Object | Conditions for snapshot deletion. Optional. |
deletion.delete_condition.max_count | Integer | The maximum number of snapshots to be retained. Optional. |
deletion.delete_condition.max_age | String | The maximum time a snapshot is retained. Optional. |
deletion.delete_condition.min_count | Integer | The minimum number of snapshots to be retained. Optional. Default is 1. |
notification | Object | Defines notifications for SM events. Optional. |
notification.channel | Object | Defines a channel for notifications. You must create and configure a notification channel before setting up SM notifications. Required. |
notification.channel.id | String | The channel ID of the channel used for notifications. To get the channel IDs of all created channels, use GET _plugins/_notifications/configs. Required. |
notification.conditions | Object | SM events you want to be notified about. Set the ones you are interested in to true. |
notification.conditions.creation | Boolean | Do you want notifications about snapshot creation? Optional. Default is true. |
notification.conditions.deletion | Boolean | Do you want notifications about snapshot deletion? Optional. Default is false. |
notification.conditions.failure | Boolean | Do you want notifications about creation or deletion failure? Optional. Default is false. |
notification.conditions.time_limit_exceeded | Boolean | Do you want notifications when snapshot operations take longer than time_limit? Optional. Default is false. |
Get policies
Introduced 2.1
Gets SM policies.
Request
Get all SM policies:
GET _plugins/_sm/policies
You can use a query string and specify pagination, the field to be sorted by, and sort order:
GET _plugins/_sm/policies?from=0&size=20&sortField=sm_policy.name&sortOrder=desc&queryString=*
Get a specific SM policy:
GET _plugins/_sm/policies/<policy_name>
Example
GET _plugins/_sm/policies/daily-policy
Response
{
"_id" : "daily-policy-sm-policy",
"_version" : 6,
"_seq_no" : 44696,
"_primary_term" : 19,
"sm_policy" : {
"name" : "daily-policy",
"description" : "Daily snapshot policy",
"schema_version" : 15,
"creation" : {
"schedule" : {
"cron" : {
"expression" : "0 8 * * *",
"timezone" : "UTC"
}
},
"time_limit" : "1h"
},
"deletion" : {
"schedule" : {
"cron" : {
"expression" : "0 1 * * *",
"timezone" : "America/Los_Angeles"
}
},
"condition" : {
"max_age" : "7d",
"min_count" : 7,
"max_count" : 21
},
"time_limit" : "1h"
},
"snapshot_config" : {
"metadata" : {
"any_key" : "any_value"
},
"ignore_unavailable" : "true",
"include_global_state" : "false",
"date_format" : "yyyy-MM-dd-HH:mm",
"repository" : "s3-repo",
"partial" : "true"
},
"schedule" : {
"interval" : {
"start_time" : 1656341042874,
"period" : 1,
"unit" : "Minutes"
}
},
"enabled" : true,
"last_updated_time" : 1656341042874,
"enabled_time" : 1656341042874
}
}
Explain
Introduced 2.1
Provides the enabled/disabled status and the metadata for all policies specified. Multiple policy names are separated with ,. You can also specify desired policies with a wildcard pattern.
SM uses a state machine for snapshot creation and deletion. The image on the left shows one execution period of the creation workflow, from the CREATION_START state to the CREATION_FINISHED state. Deletion workflow follows the same pattern as creation workflow.
The creation workflow starts in the CREATION_START state and continuously checks if the conditions in the creation cron schedule are met. After the conditions are met, the creation workflow switches to the CREATION_CONDITION_MET state and continues to the CREATING state. The CREATING state calls the create snapshot API asynchronously and then waits for snapshot creation to end in the CREATION_FINISHED state. Once snapshot creation ends, the creation workflow goes back to the CREATION_START state, and the cycle continues. The current_state field of metadata.creation and metadata.deletion returns the current state of the state machine.
Request
GET _plugins/_sm/policies/<policy_names>/_explain
Example
GET _plugins/_sm/policies/daily*/_explain
Response
{
"policies" : [
{
"name" : "daily-policy",
"creation" : {
"current_state" : "CREATION_START",
"trigger" : {
"time" : 1656403200000
}
},
"deletion" : {
"current_state" : "DELETION_START",
"trigger" : {
"time" : 1656403200000
}
},
"policy_seq_no" : 44696,
"policy_primary_term" : 19,
"enabled" : true
}
]
}
The following table lists all fields for each policy in the response.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
name | The name of the SM policy. |
creation | Information about the latest creation operation. See subfields below. |
deletion | Information about the latest deletion operation. See subfields below. |
policy_seq_no policy_primary_term | The version of the SM policy. |
enabled | Is the policy running? |
The following table lists all fields in the creation and deletion objects of each policy.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
current_state | The current state of the state machine that runs snapshot creation/deletion as described above. |
trigger.time | The next creation/deletion execution time in milliseconds since the epoch. |
latest_execution | Describes the latest creation/deletion execution. |
latest_execution.status | The execution status of the latest creation/deletion. Possible values are:IN_PROGRESS: Snapshot creation/deletion has started. SUCCESS: Snapshot creation/deletion has finished successfully. RETRYING: The creation/deletion attempt has failed. It will be retried three times. FAILED: The creation/deletion attempt failed after three retries. End the current execution period and go to the next execution period. TIME_LIMIT_EXCEEDED: The creation/deletion time exceeded the time_limit set in the policy. End the current execution period and go to the next execution period. |
latest_execution.start_time | The start time of the latest execution in milliseconds since the epoch. |
latest_execution.end_time | The end time of the latest execution in milliseconds since the epoch. |
latest_execution.info.message | A user-friendly message describing the status of the latest execution. |
latest_execution.info.cause | Contains the failure reason if the latest execution fails. |
retry.count | The number of remaining execution retry attempts. |
Start a policy
Introduced 2.1
Starts the policy by setting its enabled flag to true.
Request
POST _plugins/_sm/policies/<policy_name>/_start
Example
POST _plugins/_sm/policies/daily-policy/_start
Response
{
"acknowledged" : true
}
Stop a policy
Introduced 2.1
Sets the enabled flag to false for an SM policy. The policy will not run until you start it.
Request
POST _plugins/_sm/policies/<policy_name>/_stop
Example
POST _plugins/_sm/policies/daily-policy/_stop
Response
{
"acknowledged" : true
}
Delete a policy
Introduced 2.1
Deletes the specified SM policy.
Request
DELETE _plugins/_sm/policies/<policy_name>
Example
DELETE _plugins/_sm/policies/daily-policy
Response
{
"_index" : ".opendistro-ism-config",
"_id" : "daily-policy-sm-policy",
"_version" : 8,
"result" : "deleted",
"forced_refresh" : true,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 45366,
"_primary_term" : 20
}